Minnesota Fisheries and Wildlife Cooperative

Activities 1995-1996

Publications

Peer-Reviewed

1995

Andersen, D.E. 1995. Productivity, food habits, and behavior of Swainson's hawks breeding in southeast Colorado. Journal of Raptor Research 29:158-165.

Boxrucker, J., P. Michaletz, M. Van Den Avyle, and B. Vondracek. 1995. Overview of gear evaluation study for sampling reservoir shad populations. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 15:885-890.

Day, B.L., M.M. Walser, J.M. Sharma, and D.E. Andersen. 1995. Immunopathology of 8-week-old ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) exposed to malathion. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10:1719-1726.

Meier, T.J., J.W. Burch, L.D. Mech, and L.G. Adams. 1995. Pack structure and genetic relatedness among wolf packs in a naturally regulated population. In Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world, Proceedings of the Second North American Symposium on Wolves, Canadian Circumpolar Institute, Edmonton. 620 pp.

Plumpton, D.L., D.I. Downing, D.E. Andersen, and J.M. Lockhart. 1995. A new method of road-trapping buteonine hawks. Journal of Raptor Research 29:141-143.

Van Den Avyle, M.J., J. Boxrucker, P. Michaletz, B. Vondracek, and G. Ploskey. 1995. Comparison of catch rate, length distribution, and precision of six gears used to sample reservoir shad populations. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 15:948-955.

Vondracek, B. and D.J. Degan. 1995. Among- and within-transect variability in estimates of shad abundance made with hydroacoustics. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 15:933-939.

1996

Andersen, D.E. 1996. Intra-year reuse of great horned owl nest sites by common barn-owls in east central Colorado. Journal of Raptor Research 30:90-92.

Grant, G.C. 1996. RNA-DNA ratios in white muscle tissue biopsies reflect recent growth rates of adult brown trout. Journal of Fish Biology 48:1223-1230.

Li, J., Y. Cohen, D.H. Schupp, and I.R. Adelman. 1996. The effects of walleye stocking on population abundance and fish size. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 16:830-839.

Li, J., Y. Cohen, D.H. Schupp, and I.R. Adelman. 1996. Effects of walleye stocking on year class strength. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 16:840-850.

McInnes, P.F., D.E. Andersen, D.J. Hoff, M.J. Hooper, and L.L. Kinkel. 1996. Monitoring exposure of nestling songbirds to agricultural application of an organophosphorus insecticide using cholinesterase activity. Journal of Environmental Toxicology and Chemiistry 15:544-552.

Stephenson, T.R., M.R. Vaughan, and D.E. Andersen. 1996. Mule deer movements in response to military activity in southeast Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management 60:777-787.

Vondracek, B., B.D. Giese, and M.G. Henry. 1996. Energy density of three fishes from Lake Superior. Journal of Great Lakes Research 22:757-764.

In Press

Kontio, B.D., D.L. Garshelis, E.C. Birney, and D.E. Andersen. Resilience of a Minnesota black bear population to heavy hunting: self-sustaining population or population sink? International Conference on Bear Research and Management 10.

Smith, D., T. Meier, E. Geffen, L.D. Mech, J.W. Burch, L.G. Adams, and R.K Wayne. Is incest common in wolf packs? Behavioral Ecology.

Verschuren, D., and L.F. Marnell. Fossil zooplankton and the historical status of westslope cutthroat trout in a headwater lake of Glacier National Park, Montana.
Transactions of the American Fisheries Society.

Technical and Semi-technical

1995

Lane, W.H. and D.E. Andersen. 1995. Habitat requirements for boreal owls in northeastern Minnesota. Final report to the U.S. Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. 52pp.

Li, J., Y. Cohen, and I.R. Adelman. 1995. The effectiveness of walleye stocking in Minnesota. Completion report to the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. Contract No. MNDNR/M81110-27.

Mavrakis , P.H. 1995. Spawning and summer microhabitat use in a northern population of smallmouth bass. Final Report: Electric Power Research Institute.

Mech, L.D., L.G. Adams, T.J. Meier, and J.W. Burch. 1995. Wolf management recommendations, Denali National Park and Preserve. Sampling shad in southern impoundments. Research Manual, Reservoir Committee of the American Fisheries Society, Federal Aid in Fish Restoration under Cooperative Agreement No. 14-16-0002-91-216.

1996

Belleman, B.A. and D.E. Andersen. 1996. Red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) population status and habitat use in the Camp Ripley Training Site. Final Report and Management Recommendations to the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 32pp.

McLeod, M.A. and D.E. Andersen. 1996. Status and habitat selection of red-shouldered hawks in the Chippewa National Forest. Final Report to the U.S. Forest Service, Chippewa National Forest. 14pp.

Mech, L.D., T.J. Meier, J.W. Burch, and L.G. Adams. 1996. Demography and distribution of wolves, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Draft final report to the National Park Service.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek and D.L. Pereira. 1996. An evaluation of the indirect effects of flouridone on the fish communities of two Minnesota lakes. Final Report, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, Minnesota.

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Completed Theses and Dissertations

Completed Theses and Dissertations of Minnesota Coop Unit Students

1995

Mavrakis, Paul H., 1995. Spawning and summer microhabitat use in a northern
population of smallmouth bass. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 119pp.

ABSTRACT

Availability of spawning habitat and summer microhabitat for adult smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu appears to be limited in a 1.5 km section of the Cloquet River, a controlled river located in northern Minnesota, near the northern edge of the smallmouth bass range. This study included four objectives: (1) Identify sites used for spawning and determine availability of suitable spawning habitat, (2) Estimate the number of males capable of spawning, (3) Determine the availability and use of suitable summer microhabitat, and (4) Establish a relation between adult smallmouth bass and crayfish habitat use. Habitat availability was quantified by 20 transects (1021 point measurements) distributed throughout the study reach during low flow and high flow conditions. A total of nine nests were located and monitored during the 1993 and 1994 spawning seasons. All nests failed, presumably due to flooding. Physical characteristics at the nests included low mean water column velocity (<0.06m/s), intermediate depth (>0.4m), and close proximity to cover. The study reach contained <10% suitable spawning habitat at low flow and 3% at high flow. Ninety-one occupied microhabitat sites were surveyed during 1993 and 1994. At each microhabitat site, a total of eight variables were recorded. A combination of depth and mean water column velocity appeared to be important in the selection of summer microhabitat by adult smallmouth bass. Less than 7% of the study reach at low flow and 10% at high flow had suitable summer microhabitat. Crayfish were determined to be an important part of the adult smallmouth bass diet, 92% of the smallmouth bass that contained food, ingested at least one crayfish. Smallmouth bass used similar mean water column velocities and substrates as crayfish.

McCarthy, William F. 1995. Direct and indirect effects of esfenvalerate on wetland biota. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 81pp.

ABSTRACT

We investigated the direct and indirect effects of a single aerial application of ASANA® XL, the commercial formulation of esfenvalerate, applied at the maximum rate recommended for grasshopper control (34 g active ingredient/ha) to natural wetland basins located in western Minnesota. Indirect effects were evaluated using free-ranging imprinted mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) duckling broods. We compared differences of short-term weight change, and resting, feeding and searching behaviors between broods allowed to forage on reference versus treated wetlands. We observed the greatest treatment effects in broods reared exclusively on treated wetlands. While short-term weight change was variable, birds on treated sites gained consistently less from 5 to 10 days post-treatment. Treatment broods were observed engaging in significantly less feeding (p < 0.04) and significantly greater searching (p < 0.09) activity than broods on reference wetlands. The probability of daily survival was significantly lower for birds reared on treated sites (p < 0.1) from 10 through 15 days post-treatment. Activity traps and emergence traps were used to assess the direct effects of ASANA® XL to endemic macroinvertebrates. We report significant reductions in both abundance and taxonomic richness of nektonic macroinvertebrates and emerging insects following treatment. We conclude that changes in the macroinvertebrate communities that result from direct toxicity of ASANA® XL, can lead to changes in behavior, and reduce both weight gain and survival in waterfowl broods via a food-chain mitigated route.

1996

Herbrandson, Carl. 1996. Toxicological effects of suspended solids and carbofuran on Daphnia magna. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 143pp.

ABSTRACT

The introduction of suspended solids into an aquatic system or toxicity test complicates analysis due to the interactions between suspended solids and organic chemicals. Suspended solids can sorb organic chemicals, decreasing their bioavailability. At the same time the physical effect of the solids may change the sensitivity of organisms to chemicals by affecting toxicodynamic interactions. This study presents an apparatus and a methodology capable of isolating toxicodynamic effects from changes in bioavailability or uptake toxicokinetics.

A suspended solid testing apparatus (SSTA) was designed and developed as a laboratory model of a contaminated natural environment to facilitate the toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic studies of chemical stressors in an aquatic system containing suspended solids. The testing apparatus consists of a tank containing multiple chambers designed to expose test organisms to equivalent concentrations of freely-dissolved chemicals, while allowing for varying exposures to suspended particles among chambers. Operating characteristics of the SSTA were determined for use with a non-ionic organic pesticide, carbofuran.

Studies were conducted to evaluate the toxicodynamic effects of simultaneous exposure of an aquatic invertebrate to suspended solids and carbofuran. Acute toxicity data were acquired following 48 hour exposure of Daphnia magna (72 - 96 hours-old) to a range of carbofuran concentrations and eight concentrations of suspended solids. These experiments demonstrated a synergism between the combined physical and chemical stressors.

Further experiments were conducted with different mixtures of suspended solids and varying food availability to evaluate possible mechanisms of toxicodynamic interaction. These experiments clearly demonstrated that the sensitivity of D. magna exposed to carbofuran alone or a combined exposure to suspended solids and carbofuran can be modulated by adjusting food availability. Increasing food availability decreased D. magna sensitivity, as did exposure to suspended solids with increasing fractions of organic carbon (or decreasing specific gravity). The study demonstrated the utility and sensitivity of the SSTA in a bioassay discriminating between toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic effects of simultaneous exposure to a chemical and suspended solids.

Manolis, James C. 1996. Minimizing subjectivity in nesting success estimation: a prototype decision support system and modeling results. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 64pp.

ABSTRACT

Though often unacknowledged, subjectivity involved in collecting and analyzing nesting success data may introduce bias to and decrease comparability of nesting success estimates. We examine the problem of subjectivity in nesting success studies, using a sample of Least Flycatcher (LEFL) (Empidonax minimus) and Ovenbird (OVEN) (Seiurus aurocapillus) nests from north-central Minnesota. Classifying nest fate can involve subjective judgment: 40% of our OVEN nests and 30% of our LEFL nests lacked clear empirical cues indicating fate. Nest fate uncertainty is not a problem for Mayfield estimates (Mayfield 1961), but it is problematic for studies comparing characteristics at failed and successful nests ("nest fate studies"). This distinction and how to handle uncertain fates in analyses is not clear in existing literature. As a result, some researchers assume uncertain fates should be excluded from Mayfield calculations. Excluding nests with uncertain fates biased the Mayfield estimate downward by 26% (from 0.45 to 0.33) for our OVEN sample, and 22% (from 0.45 to 0.35) for our LEFL sample. While not a problem for Mayfield estimates if included in analyses, uncertain nest fates are problematic for nest fate studies. Here, uncertain fates cannot be used, and researchers may vary subjectively in how they classify nests as failed, successful, or uncertain. "Rules of thumb" are sometimes used to reduce subjectivity, but these rules are not applied consistently across studies and are not precisely reported in the literature. We formally describe several decision rules, model nesting success outcomes using variations of these rules, and suggest which rule is most appropriate. Finally, we describe a prototype decision-support system that we developed in EXCEL, to consistently estimate nest fates and parameters needed to derive Mayfield estimates of nesting success.

McLeod, Mary Anne. 1996. Red-shouldered hawk habitat use and response to call-playback surveys in north-central Minnesota. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 78pp.

ABSTRACT

Call-playback surveys were conducted on repeated road transects and transects at active red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) nests in north-central Minnesota to determine the effects of type of call (conspecific or great-horned owl [Bubo virginianus]), time of day, and stage of the breeding cycle on red-shoulder response behavior and to evaluate the usefulness of call-playbacks as a population monitoring tool using area occupied/probability of detection techniques. During the breeding seasons of 1994 and 1995, four 10-station road transects were surveyed a total of 59 times and 79 surveys were conducted at 23 active nests. Red-shouldered hawks responded more often and more quickly to conspecific calls than to owl calls, and response rates to conspecific calls were higher prehatch than posthatch. Response rates to both calls were lowest in the middle of the day. Probability of detection using conspecific calls averaged approximately 0.35 and area occupied was around 75%, suggesting call-playbacks may serve as a monitoring tool for red-shoulders in northern Minnesota. Computer simulations are needed to determine the power of this technique in detecting population trends and to evaluate the effects of differing levels of survey effort.

Habitat characteristics were measured at 20 red-shouldered hawk nests and paired random points in northern hardwood stands in the Chippewa National Forest in north-central Minnesota during 1994 and 1995. The nest site was defined as the 0.04 ha circle centered on the nest tree, and random sites were located 75 - 200 m from the nest and centered on a tree _ 23 cm dbh. Compared to random sites, nest sites had larger plot center trees, taller plot center trees, and taller canopy (paired t-tests, P < 0.05). Nest sites where incubation took place had higher basal area, taller canopy, and a higher percentage of trees >37.9 cm dbh (Student's t-test, P < 0.05) than nests where the breeding attempt did not reach incubation. Habitat characteristics that were important in distinguishing nest sites from random points in logistic regression models indicate that within a hardwood stand, red-shoulder nest site selection was strongly influenced by the presence of a large tree in which to place the nest.

Peterson, Greg S. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on the bioavailability of sulfide bound metals in freshwater surficial sediments. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 58pp.

ABSTRACT

Recent studies have demonstrated the role of acid volatile sulfide (AVS) in controlling the bioavailability of several cationic metals in anoxic sediments. However, metal-sulfide complexes can be relatively labile with respect to oxidation associated with factors such as seasonal changes in rates of oxidation/production of AVS. Another potentially important mechanism of AVS oxidation in surficial sediments is bioturbation. The present study used different densities of the burrowing oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus, in a series of laboratory experiments, to evaluate the effect of bioturbation on oxidation of AVS, and subsequent bioavailability of cadmium and zinc spiked into freshwater sediments. Metal bioavailability was determined directly by bioaccumulation in the test organisms and indirectly through analysis of interstitial (pore) water metal concentrations. In these studies, horizon-specific sediment analyses were conducted to assess spatial differences in AVS and pore water metal concentrations specifically related to organism activity. Burrowing activity of the oligochaete significantly reduced AVS concentrations in surficial sediments in a density dependent manner, and resulted in elevated interstitial water concentrations of cadmium, but not zinc. Concentrations of cadmium in pore water from deeper horizons (below the zone of active burrowing) were consistently lower than those in the surficial sediments. The bioaccumulation of cadmium and zinc by L. variegatus was reflective of pore water concentrations of the two metals, i.e., there was significant accumulation of cadmium, but not zinc, by the oligochaetes. Overall, the results indicate that bioturbation can enhance the bioavailability of some cationic metals in surficial sediments, via oxidation of AVS, and demonstrate the importance of analyzing surficial sediments when assessing bioavailability of metals in sediments.

Plumpton, David L. 1996. Anthropogenic effects on winter habitat use by ferruginous hawks in Colorado. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 85pp.

ABSTRACT

Habitat loss, fragmentation, and insularization constitute the single biggest threat to global biodiversity. Despite the magnitude of this problem, few studies have examined the response of wildlife to ongoing habitat destruction. I studied the behavior of ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis) wintering in 2 adjacent sites in Colorado that featured low and high anthropogenic influence and habitat fragmentation; the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge (RMANWR), and several Denver suburbs, respectively. Daily home ranges were not different (P = 0.28) in size for RMANWR (N = 25, O(x,) = 4.71 km2, SE = 1.33) and suburban hawks (N = 13, O(x,) = 2.30 km 2, SE = 0.50). Although hawk activity levels between the sites were not different (P = 0.146), RMANWR hawks used more pole and ground perches, of longer sum duration, and comprising a greater proportion of the daily time budget (P < 0.05). Conversely, suburban hawks used more tree perches, of longer sum duration, and a greater portion of the daily time budget (P _ 0.001). RMANWR hawks spent less time roosting after daylight began (O(x,) = 61 min) than did suburban hawks (O(x,) = 138 min, P = 0.004). The principal prey [black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)] was procured by killing directly, kleptoparasitizing, and scavenging. Prey acquisition and competitive interactions were not different (P > 0.05) between the sites. Relative abundance of ferruginous hawks differed by site and year (P < 0.0001), and reflected availability of prairie dogs. Ferruginous hawks modified perch use, time budgets, and roosting habits to exploit fragmented, human-altered habitats, provided some foraging habitats with adequate populations of suitable prey species remained.

Pothoven, Steven A. 1996. An evaluation of the indirect effects of fluridone on the fish community structure of two Minnesota lakes. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 141pp.

ABSTRACT

I evaluated fish community structure and predator-prey interactions in Parkers and Zumbra Lakes, suburban Minneapolis, Minnesota one year prior and two years following whole-lake herbicide (Sonar®) applications in 1994. In Zumbra Lake, fish species richness decreased from 23 in 1993 to 16 in 1995. In Parkers Lake, bluegill abundance decreased significantly in 1995 and mean bluegill length increased significantly compared to 1993. Bluegill growth rates increased in both treatment lakes in 1994 compared to the previous 5 years, but remained constant in the three reference lakes. Largemouth bass feeding efficiency (increased fish per stomach and decreased empty stomachs) increased during the initial treatment year and growth rates were higher in 1994 than the previous 3 years. Northern pike feeding efficiency did not improve, but diet composition related to prey distribution and vulnerability changed following herbicide application.

Runstrom, Ann L. 1996. The population dynamics of paddlefish in the lower Wisconsin River. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 98 pp.

ABSTRACT

Little information exists on the status of paddlefish populations in the upper Mississippi River and its major tributaries. Therefore, management efforts have been limited and insensitive to differences among local populations. I investigated several characteristics of a paddlefish population found in the Wisconsin River, a tributary of the upper Mississippi River. Study objectives were to (1) estimate population size, size-structure, age-structure, and mortality rates; and (2) determine the feasibility of transferring adult paddlefish from the study population to an upstream reach of river where immigration is blocked by a hydropower dam and the species has been extirpated. Mark-recapture data from 1993 and 1994 were applied to Chapman's modified Schnabel, Schumacher- Eschmeyer, modified Jolly-Seber and adjusted Petersen models to estimate population size. Estimates of population size ranged from 540 to 1,714 individuals. Size- and age-structure data indicated recruitment between 1993 and 1994 was minimal. Estimates for annual mortality ranged from 29 to 33%. These results suggest the population could be declining at present. Removal of individuals for a re-introduction effort poses significant risks to the genetic integrity of the Wisconsin River paddlefish population.

Warnke, D. Keith. 1996. A comparison of nesting behavior of bald eagles breeding along Western Lake Superior and adjacent inland Wisconsin. M.S. Thesis, University of Minnestoa, St. Paul. 58pp.

ABSTRACT

Using a remote video recording system and direct observations we constructed quantitative time budgets of adult and nestling bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) breeding in northern Wisconsin from 7 days post hatch until fledging in 1992 and 1993. Bald eagles breeding in north-central Wisconsin exhibit high productivity (>1.0 young per occupied territory) and low nestling blood contaminant levels. We quantified prey delivery rates, and nestling and adult time activity budgets at the nest on a weekly basis until fledging. Season-long prey delivery rates to Wisconsin bald eagle nests averaged 5.12 items.day-1, and appeared related to number of nestlings in the nest, but not nestling age. Attendance by one or both adults declined rapidly from <90% in weeks 2-4 (8-28 d post hatch) to <20% by week 8 (50-56 d). Nestlings were inactive in weeks 2-4, lying in the nest >90% of the day. Beginning with week 5 (29-35 d), brooding dropped below 3% of the adult time budget and nestlings sought sun and shade in the nest. Nestlings stood or sat in the nest 30% of the time starting in week 6 (36-42 d), began to feed themselves as the amount of time adults spent feeding nestlings declined, and their mobility in the nest increased. During weeks 9-12 (56-83 d post hatch), nestlings stood or sat most of the day (>50%), and the proportion of their time budgets spent at active behaviors (21%) peaked in week 9. Adult attendance at the nest was <10% of the day in weeks 9-12. In addition to quantifying time budgets, we found that the nesting period can be divided into 3 nestling stages for time budget comparison in different regions of the breeding range based on changes in adult and nestling behaviors.

In 1992 and 1993 we conducted behavioral observations at bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nests on the Wisconsin Lake Superior shoreline (LSS) where productivity has historically been lower than inland Wisconsin sites. The Lake Superior shoreline breeding bald eagle population was extirpated, most likely due to anthropomorphic contaminant exposure, and has become re-established beginning in the 1980's. We quantified prey delivery rates and time budgets of adults and nestlings at these nests and compared them to the prey delivery rates and time budgets quantified at inland northern Wisconsin nests (Chapter 1). The behavioral differences recorded were most pronounced between inland and LSS nests with 2 nestlings (LSS2). Adults at inland nests delivered an average of 4.79 prey items.day-1, significantly more than the 2.04 items.day-1 delivered to LSS nests. Daily prey delivery rates to nestlings at LSS nests with 1 nestling (LSS1) ( 2.43 deliveries.nestling-1.day-1) were similar to those recorded at inland nests (3.13 deliveries.nestling-1.day-1), and both were significantly greater than prey delivery rates to LSS2 nests (0.92 deliveries.nestling-1.day-1). Adults at inland nest sites spent significantly more time at the nest (91.7%) than did adults at LSS2 nests (63.7%), and adult attendance at LSS1 nests (85.7%) was significantly higher than at LSS2 nests, but not different from inland nests during weeks 2-4 post hatch. Adult attendance was higher and nestlings at inland nests spent more time active, feeding, and upright in the nest, and less time lying in the nest compared to nestlings at LSS2 nests in weeks 5-8. During weeks 9-12, LSS2 nestlings spent significantly less time feeding than did nestlings at inland nests. Reduced prey deliveries and behavioral variation are consistent with the hypothesis that bald eagle productivity on the Wisconsin Lake Superior shoreline is primarily influenced by prey availability.

Theses and Dissertations of Unit-Affiliated Students

1996

Li, J., 1996. Data analysis and modeling of walleye stocking in Minnesota. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Minnesota, St. Paul. 143pp.

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Research Project Reports

1995

Lane, W.H. and D.E. Andersen. 1995. Habitat requirements for boreal owls in northeastern Minnesota. Final report to the U.S. Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. 52pp.

Manolis, J.C., D.E. Andersen, and F.J. Cuthbert. 1995. Biodiversity monitoring: Breeding productivity, habitat, and winter distribution of nongame birds. 1994 Annual Progress Report to U.S. National Biological Service, Division of Cooperative Research. 18pp.

Mavrakis, P.H. and B. Vondracek. 1995. Spawning and summer microhabitat use in a northern population of smallmouth bass. Final Report to Electric Power Research Institute. 119pp.

Plumpton, D.L. and D. E. Andersen. 1995. Anthropogenic effects on winter habitat use by ferruginous hawks in Colorado - Progress report for the period 1 October 1992 to 1 December 1995 to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, Commerce City, Colorado. 9pp.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek, and D.L. Pereira. 1995. An evaluation of the indirect effects of flouridone on the fish communities of two Minnesota lakes. Annual Report to Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, Minnesota. 27pp.

Tester, J.R., D.E. Andersen, and P.M. Mayer. 1995. Assessing ecological structure, function, and dynamics of undisturbed and restored Northern Prairie wetlands. 1994 progress report to U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Bismark, North Dakota. 14pp.

Vondracek, B., L. Sovell, J.A. Frost and 20 others. 1995. Biological, financial, and social monitoring to develop highly sustainable farming systems. Annual Report to Minnesota Institute for Sustainable Agriculture. 42pp.

1996

Anderson, D.J., D.G. Bowers, D.E. Andersen, F. Cuthbert, and R. Holzenthal. 1996 Anurans and invertebrates as indicators of wetland condition in the North Dakota Prairie Pothole Region. 1995 Annual Progress Report to National Biological Service, Northern Prairie Science Center.

Herbrandson, Carl. 1996. Toxicological effects of suspended solids and carbofuran on Daphnia magna. Final report to U.S. National Biological Service, Jamestown, North Dakota.

Mundahl, N.D., B.A. Nerbonne, and B. Vondracek. 1996. Whitewater Watershed Project: 1996 Fish, benthic macroinvertebrate, and habitat assessments. Interim Report to Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. 34pp.

Perry, E.F., J.C. Manolis, D.E. Andersen, and F.J. Cuthbert. 1996. Biodiversity monitoring: Breeding productivity, habitat, and winter distribution of nongame birds. 1995 Annual Progress Report to U.S. National Biological Service, Division of Cooperative Research. 9pp.

Peterson, Greg S. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on the bioavailability of sulfide bound metals in freshwater surficial sediments. Final report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN.

Tester, J.R., D.E. Andersen, and P.M. Mayer. 1996. Assessing ecological structure, function, and dynamics of undisturbed and restored Northern Prairie wetlands. 1995 Progress Report to U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Bismark, North Dakota. 8pp.

Vondracek, B., L. Sovell, J.A. Frost and 20 others. 1996. Biological, Financial, and Social Monitoring to develop highly sustainable farming systems. Annual Report, Minnesota Institute for Sustainable Agriculture. 56pp.

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Presentations and Meeting Attendance

Invited Presentations

1995

Andersen, D.E. and N.A. Stathis. 1995. Fall movements and foraging of ring-necked ducks in a forested landscape. 1995. Minnesota Chapter of The Wildlife Society Summer Meeting, Grand Rapids, Minnesota.

Manolis, J.C. and D.E. Andersen. 1995. Breeding productivity and habitat association of forest songbirds on the Chippewa National Forest. Monitoring forest songbirds in the Upper Midwestern United States. Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek, and D. Pereira. 1995. The indirect effects of fluridone (SONAR ® ) on the fish communities of Minnesota lakes. Minnesota/Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources workshop on Eurasian watermilfoil, Hudson, Wisconsin.

1996

McLeod, M.A., B. Ann Belleman, and D. E. Andersen. 1996. Red-shouldered hawk breeding-season ecology and response to call playback surveys in north-central Minnesota. Midwest Regional Raptor Management Symposium. The Raptor Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

McLeod, M.A. and D.E. Andersen. 1996. An evaluation of red-shouldered hawk call-playback surveys in north-central Minnesota: factors affecting detection and detecting population trends. Joint Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., and the American Ornithologists' Union, Boise, Idaho.

Contributed Presentations

1995

Belleman, B. A. and D. E. Andersen. 1995. Red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) breeding ecology and habitat use in central Minnesota. Annual Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Duluth, Minnesota

Flynn, S. M., B. A. Belleman and D. E. Andersen. 1995. Red-tailed (Buteo jamaicensis) and red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) habitat use in relation to forest fragmentation in central Minnesota (poster). Annual Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Duluth, Minnesota.

Hove, M.C., R.A. Engelking, M.E. Peteler, E.M. Peterson, A.R. Kapuscinski, L.A. Sovell, and E.R. Evers. 1995. Suitable fish hosts for glochidia of four freshwater mussels. 1995 Proceedings of The Conservation and Management of Freshwater Mussels II. Champaign-Urbana, Illinois.

Kontio, B.D., D.L. Garshelis, E.C. Birney and D.E. Andersen. 1995. Resilience of a Minnesota black bear population to heavy hunting: self-sustaining population or population sink?. 10th Internat. Conf. on Bear Res. and Manage., Fairbanks, Alaska.

Mavrakis, P. and B. Vondracek. 1995. Affects of limited suitable spawning and summer microhabitat on an adult smallmouth bass population. 1995 Joint Meeting of the Iowa/Minnesota chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Okoboji, Iowa.

McLeod, M. A. and D. E. Andersen. 1995. Call-playback surveys for red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) in north-central Minnesota. Annual Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Duluth, Minnesota.

Meier, T. J. 1995. Mortality and dispersal of wolves from Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska. Wolves and humans 2000: A global perspective for managing conflict, Duluth, Minnesota.

Mumford, K.G., L.A. Sovell, and B. Vondracek. 1995. Stream quality following management intensive grazing on southeastern Minnesota streams. Symposium on linkages among farming systems and communities, Association for Farming Systems Research/Extension, Ames, Iowa.

Plumpton, D. L. and D. E. Andersen. 1995. Anthropogenic effects on winter habitat use by ferruginous hawks in Colorado. Annual Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Duluth, Minnesota.

Pothoven, S.A. 1995. The indirect effects of fluridone on fish communities in two Minnesota lakes. North Central Division of American Fisheries Society Centrarchid Technical Committee meeting in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek, and D. Pereira. 1995. Effects of vegetation removal on the fish community structure and predator-prey relations in two Minnesota lakes. 57th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Detroit, Michigan.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek, and D. Pereira. 1995. The indirect effects of fluridone (SONAR ® ) on the fish communities of Minnesota lakes. 1995 Joint Meeting of the Iowa/Minnesota chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Okoboji, Iowa.

Runstrom, A.L., Bruce Vondracek, and C.A. Jennings. 1995. Population dynamics of paddlefish in the lower Wisconsin River. 24th Annual Meeting, Wisconsin Chapter, American Fisheries Society, Madison, Wisconsin.

Sovell, L.A., K.G. Mumford, and B. Vondracek. 1995. Stream quality following management intensive grazing on southeastern Minnesota streams. 57th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Detroit, Michigan

1996

Anderson, D.J. and B. Vondracek. 1996. Insects as indicators of wetland condition in North Dakota. 58th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Omaha, Nebraska.

Bowers, D.G., D. E. Andersen, and N.H. Euliss. 1996. Associations between land-use patterns and anuran populations in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota. 58th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Omaha, Nebraska.

Grant, G.C., B. Vondracek, and P.W. Sorensen. 1996. Diel spawning activity of brook and brown trout in Valley Creek, Minnesota. 1996 Joint meeting of the Minnesota chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Society of American Foresters, and The Wildlife Society, Brainerd, Minnesota.

Grant, G.C., B. Vondracek, and P.W. Sorensen. 1996. Behavior of spawning brook and brown trout in Valley Creek, Minnesota. 58th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Omaha, Nebraska.

Li, J. , Y. Cohen. 1996. A historical data analysis of the effectiveness of walleye stocking. 126th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Dearborn, Michigan.

Mayer, P. M., Tester, J. R., and S. M. Galatowitsch. 1996. Developing ecological indicators of structure and function to assess recovery in restored prairie wetlands. 17th Meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists, Kansas City, Missouri.

Mumford, K.G., L.A. Sovell, and B. Vondracek. 1996. Impacts of management intensive grazing on streams in southeast Minnesota: Project background, water chemistry, and physical habitat. 1996 Joint meeting of the Minnesota Chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Society of American Foresters, and The Wildlife Society, Brainerd, Minnesota.

Plumpton, D. L. and D. E. Andersen. 1996. Anthropogenic effects on winter habitat use by ferruginous hawks in Colorado. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6, Denver, Colorado.

Pothoven, S.A., B. Vondracek, and D. Pereira. 1996. Effects of vegetation removal on the fish community structure and predator-prey relations in two Minnesota lakes. 1996 Joint meeting of the Minnesota chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Society of American Foresters, and The Wildlife Society, Brainerd, Minnesota.

Runstrom, A.L., B. Vondracek, and C.A. Jennings. 1996. Population dynamics of paddlefish in the lower Wisconsin River. 126th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Dearborn, Michigan.

Sovell, L.A., K.G. Mumford, and B. Vondracek. 1996. Impacts of management intensive grazing on streams in southeast Minnesota: Fish and benthic macroinvertebrate communities. 1996 Joint meeting of the Minnesota Chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Society of American Foresters, and The Wildlife Society, Brainerd, Minnesota.

Vondracek, B. 1996. Water chemistry, physical habitat, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish populations in relation to Management Intensive Grazing, Minnesota DNR semi-annual fisheries research meeting, Pequot Lakes, Minnesota.

Scientific Meeting Attendance

1995

24th Annual Meeting, Wisconsin Chapter, American Fisheries Society, Madison, Wisconsin. (B. Vondracek, A. Runstrom)

1995 Annual Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., Duluth, Minnesota. (D.E. Andersen, M.A. McLeod, B.A. Belleman, D.L. Plumpton, S. Flynn)

Mississippi Flyway Technical Section and Council Meeting, Green Bay, Wisconsin. (D.E. Andersen)

Minnesota Chapter of The Wildlife Society Summer Meeting, Grand Rapids, Minnesota. (D.E. Andersen)

Monitoring forest songbirds in the Upper Midwestern United States. Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota. (D.E. Andersen and J.C. Manolis)

Joint Meeting of the Iowa/Minnesota chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Okoboji, Iowa. (B. Vondracek, S.A. Pothoven, P. Mavrakis, G. Grant, L. Sovell, K. Mumford).

Minnesota/Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources workshop on Eurasian watermilfoil, Hudson, Wisconsin, 14-15 March. (B. Vondracek, S.A. Pothoven)

North Central Division of American Fisheries Society Centrarchid Technical Committee meeting in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. 16-17 August. (B. Vondracek, S.A. Pothoven)

125th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Tampa, Florida, 27-31 August. (B. Vondracek, B. Nerbonne)

Nonindigenous Species Panel-Great Lakes Commission in Duluth, Minnesota. (B. Vondracek)

Minnesota DNR Semi-Annual Fisheries Research Meeting, Pequot Lakes, Minnesota. (D.E. Andersen and B. Vondracek)

Symposium on linkages among farming systems and communities, Association for Farming Systems Research/Extension, Ames, Iowa. (B. Vondracek, L. Sovell, K. Mumford).

57th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Detroit, Michigan. (B. Vondracek, S.A. Pothoven, G. Grant, B. Nerbonne, L. Sovell)

1996

Joint meeting of the Minnesota Chapters of the American Fisheries Society, Society of American Foresters, and The Wildlife Society, Brainerd, Minnesota. (D.E. Andersen, B. Vondracek, S.A. Pothoven, G. Grant, L. Sovell, K. Mumford)

Nonindigenous Species Panel-Great Lakes Commission in Ann Arbor, Michigan. (B. Vondracek)

Nonindigenous Species Panel of the Great Lakes Commission Symposium "Aquatic nuisance species research relevant to the Great lakes basin: enhancing prevention and control efforts" in Ann Arbor, Michigan. (B. Vondracek)

Joint Atlantic and Mississippi Flyway Technical Section and Council Meeting, Allentown, Pennsylvania. (D.E. Andersen)

Joint Meeting of The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc., and the American Ornithologists' Union, Boise, Idaho. (D.E. Andersen and M.A. McLeod)

North American Raptor Monitoring Workshop, Boise, Idaho. (D.E. Andersen and M.A. McLeod)

Joint Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and Pacific Flyway Technical Section and Council Meeting, Kansas City, Missouri. (D.E. Andersen)

Midwest Regional Raptor Management Symposium. The Raptor Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. (D.E. Andersen, M.A. McLeod, B.A. Belleman)

51st Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference, Tulsa, OK. (D.E. Andersen)

Annual meeting of the Center for Holistic Management, Rochester, MN. (B. Vondracek)

Conference titled "New approaches to rural nonpoint source pollution: what makes them work," participated on a panel discussion "Meeting watershed and farm goals: on-farm monitoring bridges the gap among farmers, resource professionals and researchers," LaCrosse, WI. (B. Vondracek)

126th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society, Dearborn, MI. (B. Vondracek, A.Runstrom, G. Grant, L. Sovell, J. Frost, B. Nerbonne, J. Li, Y. Cohen)

Sustainable Development Conference, Minneapolis, MN. (B. Vondracek, L. Sovell)

58th Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Omaha, NE. (D.E. Andersen, B. Vondracek, D.G. Bowers, G. Grant, D. Anderson, J. Frost, B. Nerbonne, K. Blann)

Seventeenth Meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists, Kansas City, MO. (P. M. Mayer)

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Honors and Awards

1995

B. Vondracek. 1995. Performance Award, U.S. National Biological Service.

D.E. Andersen. 1995. Performance Award, U.S. National Biological Service.

1996

K.L. Blann. 1996-1997. University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship.

L.A. Sovell. 1995-1996. Water Resources Science Fellowship.

B. Vondracek. 1996. Promotion to GS-13 via Research Grade Evaluation, U.S. National Biological Service.

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Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
University of Minnesota
Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology
1980 Folwell Avenue, 138 Hodson Hall
St. Paul, MN 55108
phone: 612-624-3421
fax: 612-625-5299
coopunit@tc.umn.edu